The River Dart: A lifeline connecting Dartmouth and Totnes

The River Dart has long been the lifeblood of South Devon, forging a deep connection between the historic towns of Dartmouth and Totnes. This 47-mile waterway, stretching from the heights of Dartmoor to the sea, has played a crucial role in shaping the economic, cultural, and tourist landscape of these two charming destinations as the River heads extends to the sea.

Whether you travel the river on your own boat, one of the various river cruises, or as part of the annual Head of the Dart SUP Challenge, you will literally be travelling a route in time.

The Rich History Between Dartmouth and Totnes

The historical trading links between Dartmouth and Totnes were deeply intertwined with the River Dart, which served as a vital commercial artery connecting them. These links date back to medieval times and played a crucial role in shaping the economic prosperity of both settlements.

Medieval Trade

By the 12th century, both Dartmouth and Totnes were established as bustling ports. Dartmouth, situated at the mouth of the River Dart, served as a gateway for international trade, while Totnes, located at the head of the estuary, acted as an inland port.

The River Dart facilitated a flourishing trade network:

1. Imports: Gascon wines and linen cloth from the continent were brought into Dartmouth and then transported upriver to Totnes.
2. Exports: Wool, woollen cloth, tin, and dried fish were sent from Totnes downriver to Dartmouth for export to continental Europe.

The strategic locations of both towns on the River Dart allowed merchants to amass considerable wealth, with the 16^th and 17^th centuries marking a golden era for both towns. Whilst Dartmouth could face outward to the international markets, Totnes also benefited from the town’s position on one of the main roads of the South West, which contributed to its importance as a market town.

From the 13th century onwards, cog boats became a common sight on the River Dart. These clinker-built oak vessels, some large enough for sea voyages, regularly plied the river between Dartmouth and Totnes, facilitating trade. Their size reflected the scale of the river at this point in its geography, something that often surprises today’s visitors.

Later Developments

As the cloth trade declined in the 18th century, Totnes relied more heavily on its role as a market town and river trading point. Meanwhile, Dartmouth’s maritime importance changed direction, with the town later becoming a key naval centre leading to the building of the Britannia Royal Naval College.

Image: VisitTotnes

Economic Ties

The River Dart continues to be a cornerstone of the local economy, binding Dartmouth and Totnes in a shared economic ecosystem:

1. Marine Industry: Dartmouth, in particular, has become a focal point for marine-related business development in the South West. It is not just a harbour, but is also home to a number of boatyards, and an internationally recognised specialist Rib manufacturer.
2. Tourism: Both towns are significant tourist destinations, with the river playing a critical role in attracting visitors. The Dart Valley’s scenic beauty underpins an important local tourism and recreational economy.
3. Boating and Leisure: The Dart is a regionally important centre for yachting, boating, and other water-based activities, supporting numerous businesses in both towns.

Tourist Links

The River Dart offers a plethora of attractions and activities that connect Dartmouth and Totnes:

1. River Cruises: A popular pleasure boat service runs between Totnes and Dartmouth from April through October, allowing visitors to enjoy the spectacular scenery along what is perhaps the most beautiful stretch of river in the country.
2. Water Sports: The river is a haven for paddleboarding, kayaking, canoeing, and sailing enthusiasts.
3. Riverside Attractions: Visitors can explore historic sites like Dartmouth Castle, Agatha Christie’s Greenway House, and the Britannia Royal Naval College, all giving visitors a reason to get on the river.
4. Culinary Experiences: The River Dart has contributed to the region’s reputation for excellent local produce, including shellfish, migratory fish, wines, and cheeses, making both towns a paradise for food enthusiasts.

Environmental Importance

The River Dart is not just an economic asset but also an environmental treasure. A section of the Dart Estuary from Dittisham to Totnes has been designated as a ‘Recommended Marine Conservation Zone’ due to its important conservation features, including intertidal mudflats. This shared natural heritage further strengthens the bond between Dartmouth and Totnes.

The River Dart has been and continues to be the thread that weaves together the stories of Dartmouth and Totnes. From their shared maritime history to their intertwined economies and the natural beauty that draws visitors from far and wide, the river remains at the heart of these two Devon gems. So if you are thinking of visiting Dartmouth or Totnes, think about taking to the River Dart to see both these lovely towns, and travel the beautiful route so many have travelled before.